Cannabis Health and Safety

HEALTH AND SAFETY

Safe storage of cannabis

Know the signs and what to do

Storing cannabis responsibly helps keep everyone safe, especially children and pets. Accidental poisonings in children from edible cannabis are a serious risk.

Keep it up high and out of reach

  1. Always store your cannabis locked away and out of sight and reach of children and pets.
  2. Always store edible cannabis separately from regular food and drinks. Exercise particular caution with homemade edible cannabis and make sure to properly label it to be clear that it's not regular food.
  3. Never leave cannabis unattended where children can access it.

Keep it in secure packaging

Choose legal edible cannabis products which:

  • come in plain, child-resistant packaging
  • contain no more than 10 mg of THC per package, to reduce the risk of accidental poisoning

Keep your legal cannabis products in their original packaging to keep them more secure.

Illegal edible cannabis products often:

  • don't come in child-resistant packaging
  • have flashy packaging, sometimes mimicking brand name candies and snacks, which can appeal to children
  • contain very high amounts of THC, the main psychoactive substance in cannabis

Keep it locked

  • Always store your cannabis in a secure cupboard using a strong childproof safety lock or latch.
  • Consider purchasing a lockbox or safe to store your cannabis.

Reduce your risk: Choose legal cannabis

While cannabis is legal in Canada, illegal products are still being sold and consumed in Canada. Learn to recognize the differences between legal and illegal cannabis, and find out why it matters.

Why you should choose legal cannabis

Adults of legal age may purchase legal cannabis products from authorized retailers in Canada.

Legal cannabis products must meet the requirements of the Cannabis Act and its regulations, which set out rules for product quality, promotion, packaging and labelling. If you choose to consume cannabis, reduce your risk by choosing legal cannabis products.

    Legal cannabis:

  • is quality controlled and tested for harmful levels of contaminants
  • is tested for accuracy of THC and CBD levels, so you know exactly what you're buying
  • can be recalled by manufacturers, licence holders or Health Canada if there's a potential safety or quality issue

    Legal cannabis:

  • is not tested or quality controlled and may contain harmful levels of contaminants, including:
    • heavy metals
    • pesticides
    • mould
    • cutting agents
    • bacteria
  • shows levels of THC and CBD that may be unknown, misleading or false
  • may be produced and sold using products or practices that could harm you
  • can contain harmful levels of THC, resulting in accidental poisonings, visits to the emergency department and hospitalizations, particularly in children
  • could put you at risk for identity theft and financial fraud

How to recognize legal cannabis

Legal cannabis products for non-medical use are sold only by retailers authorized by a province or territory.

A legal cannabis product will always have certain information on its package and label. Look for these features to determine if a cannabis product is legal.

  • Excise stamp with specific colours indicating the province or territory in which the product is intended to be sold
  • Yellow box with a health warning message in English and French
  • Standardized cannabis symbol
  • Plain and child-resistant packaging (with the exception of plants and seeds)
  • Nutrition facts table for edible cannabis

How to help prevent cannabis poisoning in children

Know the signs and what to do

Accidental poisonings in children from edible cannabis products are a serious risk. Hospitals have seen an increase in visits to the emergency room and poison centres have seen an increase in calls.

Poisonings can be life-threatening, sometimes resulting in coma, being put on a ventilator, or in rare cases, even death.

Suspect a poisoning?

  1. Call 1-844-POISON-X (1-800-463-5060 in Quebec) or 9-1-1 for emergencies
  2. Say that you suspect the symptoms are from cannabis. A quicker diagnosis can prevent serious harm to a child

Know the signs of a cannabis poisoning

Symptoms can include:

  • vomiting
  • confusion
  • unresponsiveness
  • slurred speech
  • unsteadiness on feet
  • drowsiness/lethargy
  • slowed breathing
  • seizures (rare)

Keep cannabis away from children

  • Safely store your cannabis out of reach and locked away
  • Keep edible cannabis separate from regular food and drinks
  • Choose legal cannabis products, which:
    • come in plain, child-resistant packaging
    • contain no more than 10 mg of THC per package, to reduce the risk of accidental poisoning
  • In contrast, illegal edible cannabis:
    • can confuse children by mimicking popular brands of candies and snacks
    • can contain very high amounts of THC, which increases the risk of severe cannabis poisoning

About Image
Cannabis and its components

About cannabis

Cannabis, also known as marijuana or weed among other names, is a non-chemically uniform drug from the cannabis plant. There are a variety of cannabis products, including herbal materials, cannabis oils, concentrated extracts, edibles, tinctures and creams. These products are used for their physical and cognitive effects and for medical and nonmedical purposes.

Chemical substances in cannabis

Cannabis contains hundreds of chemical substances. Over 100 of these are known as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are made and stored in the plant's trichomes. Trichomes are tiny, clear hairs that stick out from the flowers and leaves of the plant. Cannabinoids have effects on cell receptors in the brain and body. They can change how those cells behave and communicate with each other.

Cannabis flowers secrete more than 100 different chemical compounds known as cannabinoids. When consumed, these compounds bind to cell receptors and change the way these cells communicate with one another. Two of the best-known cannabinoids are THC and CBD:

  • THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis and is responsible for the “high” that individuals experience.
  • CBD (cannabidiol) does not produce a “high,” but it can cause drowsiness. It is being studied for use in medical applications, such as relieving pain, nausea and symptoms of other chronic conditions.

How cannabis is used

The cannabis plant is used for its effects on the mind. It is also used for medical, social or religious purposes. Marijuana is a slang term for the dried flowers, leaves, stems and seeds of the cannabis plant.

Cannabis can be taken in different ways, by:

  • smoking:
    • joints or spliffs (cannabis rolled in cigarette paper)
      • which may be mixed with tobacco
    • pipes and bongs (a type of pipe)
    • blunts (partially or entirely hollowed out cigar wrappers filled with cannabis)
  • drinking or eating:
    • teas
    • sodas
    • cannabis oil
    • baked goods
  • vaporizing and vaping (breathing in dried cannabis or liquid cannabis vapours through a vaporizer or vaping device)
  • dabbing (breathing in very hot vapours from heating cannabis concentrates)

Demographic Trends for Cannabis Use

According to the 2022 Canadian Cannabis Survey, cannabis use is slowly on the rise in Canada. Use among the general population (aged 16 years and older) increased from 25% in 2021 to 27% in 2022. Provincial and territorial estimates ranged from 18% to 41%. Cannabis use was highest among people aged 20–24 years (50%), followed by those aged 16–19 years (37%) and those aged 25 years and older (25%). The biggest change in users occurred in the 25 years and older group, which increased from 22% in 2021 to 25% in 2022.

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